The Nenets are an Indigenous people of the Russian Arctic, known for their nomadic reindeer herding lifestyle and deep cultural connections to the tundra. Today, there are around 45,000 left, and they primarily inhabit the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug in Northern Siberia, an area that experiences some of the most extreme weather conditions on Earth. Despite these extreme conditions, the Nenets have survived for centuries by following the seasonal migration patterns of their reindeer herds across the tundra. They speak a language called Nenets, a Uralic language, that is closely related to other indigenous groups in the area. Today, they are struggling to balance their traditional way of life with increasing pressures from climate change, economic development, and government policies that impact their land and culture.

Nenet culture is deeply intertwined with nature and reindeers. They completely rely on reindeer for transportation, food, clothing, and trade. Additionally, Nenet society is divided into extended family groups, each responsible for managing a herd of reindeers and following the ancient migration routes across the tundra. Moreover, they live in traditional homes called "chums" (as shown in the image), which are portable tents constructed from reindeer hides and wooden poles. Spiritually, the Nenet people are strong believers of animism, and deeply trust in the spirits of the land, animals, and their ancestors. Thus, shamans are very prevalent in Nenet culture, as they conduct rituals and healing practices.

The Nenets face growing challenges due to climate change, industrialization, and political pressures. Conditions like the melting permafrost and shifting weather patterns threaten their ability to maintain their traditional livelihoods. Additionally, the Russian government oil and gas industries have expanded onto their native lands, leading to environmental degradation. All these factors threaten the Nenet's culture, disrupting their traditional ways of life and connection to the land.

Despite these challenges, the Nenets continue to fight to preserve their culture. Some communities have found ways to blend tradition with modernity, using snowmobiles alongside reindeer sleds or participating in eco-tourism initiatives. Other communities have worked with indigenous advocacy groups to preserve their land and traditions.

Ultimately, the Nenets are a remarkable group of people who have managed to thrive in the world's harshest environments for centuries. Despite the challenges they face, they continue to show resilience by adapting to different situations to maintain their cultures and native lands.